Sandwing

CONTINENT: Pyrrhia
SCALES: Pale gold, white, brown, or light amber. Any pale, warm color. Can occasionally have freckles or black diamond-like patterns on their scales
EYES: Black
UNUSUAL CHARACTERISTICS: Poisonous barbed tail; forked black tongue
ABILITIES: Can survive a long time without water; poison enemies with the tip of their tail like scorpions; bury themselves for camouflage in the desert sand; breathe fire; their scale radiate warmth
HABITAT: The vast scorched desert west of the mountains
DIET: Lizards, cactus, desert rodents, occasionally camels, but they prefer to eat lightly
ANIMUS: None; Only one known centuries ago

Venom
Sandwing's barbed tails contain venom that can kill a full-grown dragon. The amount of time it takes to kill a dragon depends on how close to the heart the wound is. Sandwing venom wounds can be treated with Brightsting Cactus juice. The venom in the tail barb does not develop in a Sandwing until age 3.

Skywing

CONTINENT: Pyrrhia
SCALES: Red, gold, orange, yellow, purple, pink, or occasional grey/black underscales
EYES: Any warm color
UNUSUAL CHARACTERISTICS: Enormous wings
ABILITIES: Powerful fighter and fliers; can breathe fire (the hottest on the continent)
HABITAT: High in the Claws of the Clouds Mountains, in caves and spires and palaces carved out of rock
DIET: Mountain goats, cougars, squirrels, rabbits, birds of prey
ANIMUS: None; existed at some point in history but were quickly killed

Firescales
This is an incredibly rare condition that Skywings have the potential to be hatched with, and has only been known to be from twin eggs. One twin sucks out all the fire from the other, resulting in firescales. These dragons' scales burn anything they touch, from grass to metal bars. Skywings with this condition have historically been killed shortly after hatching.

Mudwing

CONTINENT: Pyrrhia
SCALES: Brown, orange, amber, maroon, sometimes amber and gold underscales
EYES: Brown, amber, yellow, or hazel
UNUSUAL CHARACTERISTICS: Large flat heads with nostrils on the top of the snout; thick armored scales
ABILITIES: Can breathe fire (if warm enough); hold their breath for up to an hour; blend into large mud puddles; usually very strong; mud is capable of relieving itches, aches, and soreness
HABITAT: The swamps, marshes, and boiling mud pools between the mountains and the sea
DIET: Crocodiles, water birds, hippos, water buffalo, cows, elephants, really anything they can get their claws on
ANIMUS: None

Fireproof Scales
A very rare occurance within the Mudwing tribe in which a single egg out of a clutch ends up being blood-red. The dragonet that hatches from this egg will have fireproof scales. However, they are not entirely immune to burn damage. If exposed to fire long enough they will be damaged, and can still generally feel pain from it.

Seawing

CONTINENT: Pyrrhia
SCALES: Any cool color; sometimes shades of grey; rarely hints of pink or yellow
EYES: Green or blue
UNUSUAL CHARACTERISTICS: Webs between their claws; gills on their necks; glow-in-the-dark stripes on their tails/snouts/underbellies
ABILITIES: Can breathe underwater; see in the dark; create huge waves with one splash of their powerful tails; excellent swimmers
HABITAT: The shallow seas and the archipelago around the Bay of a Thousand Scales
DIET: Fish, whales, octopuses, shellfish, sea birds, turtles, crabs
ANIMUS: Yes

Aquatic
This is an underwater language created by the Seawings to communicate underwater. It is used by flashing specific glowing stripes on different parts of their bodies. Different combinations of flashing spots and their length determine what is being said.

Icewing

CONTINENT: Pyrrhia
SCALES: Silvery scales like the moon or pale blue like ice
EYES: Icy blue or dark blue
UNUSUAL CHARACTERISTICS: Ridged claws to grip the ice; forked blue tongues; tails narrow to a whip-thin end; blue blood
ABILITIES: Can withstand subzero temperatures and bright light; exhale a deadly freezing breath; their scales will always radiate coldness
HABITAT: The icy arctic of the upper northwest peninsula, in snow caves and ice palaces
DIET: Polar bears, fish, seals, walruses, narwhals, puffins, penguins, whales
ANIMUS: None since 3,005 AS, previously yes

Frost Breath
The breath weapon of Icewings is unique among any other tribe. They exhale a freezing mist that solidifies on impact and turns into sharp, painful ice crystals. Icewings will be unable to use this if too hot. The inflicted area will feel stinging pain for a short amount of time before becoming numb. Frost breath injuries can be treated by a hot water soak with hot coals. This weapon can leave dark scars on scales.

Nightwing

CONTINENT: Pyrrhia
SCALES: Black, dull grey, or any cool shade of black (purple, blue, green, aquamarine, etc.)
EYES: black or dark blue, dark green, or purple
UNUSUAL CHARACTERISTICS: Scattered silver scales on the underside of their wings, like a night sky full of stars; forked black tongues; naturally nocturnal
ABILITIES: Can breathe fire; poisonous bacteria within their mouths that slowly kill their prey; disappear into the dark shadows; very strong smell; a limited few can read minds or foretell the future
HABITAT: Historically, forest/mountain and cave dwellers, though they have lived on a volcanic island for centuries
DIET: Hawks, fish, bears, squirrels, rattlesnakes, wolves, nuts, fruits; things from all around the continent; would eat carrion during the volcano era
ANIMUS: Yes

One Full Moon
Either mind reading or prophecy
Two Full Moons
Both mind reading and prophecy
Three Full Moons
Both abilities heightened to an incredible extent

Moonborn Powers
When nightwings are hatched under one or more full moons, their egg will turn silver, and hatch with one or both of these abilities. Nightwings hatched under a full moon possess a silver tear-drop shaped scale behind their eyes.

Mind Reading
If a Nightwing is hatched with this ability, they will be able to hear the thoughts of dragons around them, and the presence of incoming dragons. Nightwings with this power are able to train their minds to block out other dragon's thoughts to an extent. If a dragon is thinking about the mind reader, those thoughts will be more difficult to drown out. Mind readers hatched under 3 full moons are even capable of 'plucking out' thoughts or information from a dragon's mind.

Future Vision/Prophecy
Nightwings with this ability can vary in experience. Some visions will come as vague mental images, feelings, or sounds. Others can be much more vivid, and feel real, like hallucinations. Some visions may even come out as words. Some may be short, single sentences, and others may be long and come in poem-like verses. Gravely important prophecies may take control of the dragon as they speak involuntarily. Nightwings hatched under three moons can even envision multiple divulging timelines based on what actions they may take.

Rainwing

CONTINENT: Pyrrhia
SCALES: Any color; constantly shifting colors; usually bright, like birds-of-paradise
EYES: Any color; primarily shades of green, yellow, brown, or blue, but they appear to change based on the shifting scales around them
UNUSUAL CHARACTERISTICS: Prehensile tails; scales that change color based on their emotions or intentionally for decoration, camouflage, or mimicking other tribes; gain a majority of their energy from sunlight
ABILITIES: Can camouflage their scales to blend into their surroundings; shoot a deadly venom from their fangs
HABITAT: The southern rainforest, east of the mountains
DIET: Fruit and other rainforest plants; historically have eaten monkeys and other rainforest animals
ANIMUS: None

Venom
Rainwing venom is black, highly corrosive, and is shot from the two top front fangs. It will quickly dissolve anything organic, and is one of the most painful things a dragon can experience, and is quickly fatal if it gets into your eyes or bloodstream.
Rainwings practice their venom aim from a young age, and much older dragons with lots of experience can shoot it at impressive distances.
If two rainwings are closely related by immediate family, their venom will cancel each other out and cease dissolving.
Non-fatal venom scars take on a bubbly texture and cause heavy disfigurement to the affected area.

Silkwing

CONTINENT: Pantala
SCALES: Any color under the sun except black
EYES: any color
UNUSUAL CHARACTERISTICS: Silkwing dragonets are born wingless, but go through a metamorphosis at age six, when they spin a cocoon and emerge after five days with silk-spinning abilities and four huge wings that look much like butterfly wings; all silkwings also have antennae
ABILITIES: can spin silk from glands on their wrists to create webs or other woven articles; can detect vibrations with their antennae to assess threats and predict weather changes; some are born with "flamesilk," and ability to spin threads of fire; a precise internal clock
HABITAT: Silkwings are naturally hill/tree dwellers
DIET: Vegetarians; these dragons prefer plant-based foods
ANIMUS: None
Silkwings are descended from Beetlewings

Flamesilk
This is an ability a select few Silkwings possess. During their metamorphosis, their wrists will produce a bright glowing silk that surrounds their body. When they emerge after 5 days, they will be capable of producing flamesilk. The burning of this silk does not harm them.
There are 5 different known types of flamesilk:
Gold Silk - Regular silk, but shimmers with a golden color
Firefly Silk - Gives off a little bit of light; does not burn
Glow Silk - Slightly warm and glows brighter; closer to fire but does not hurt
Blaze Silk - Can burn and hurt non-flamesilk dragons
Sun Silk - Extremely bright; so hot it can burn through stone; can be put out in water

Hivewing

CONTINENT: Pantala
SCALES: Red, yellow, and/or orange, always at least a few black scales
EYES: Black, brown, red, orange, amber, yellow, gold, or green
UNUSUAL CHARACTERISTICS: Four wings that resemble dragonfly wings
ABILITIES: vary from dragon to dragon; examples include deadly stingers that can extend from their wrists to stab their enemies; venom in their teeth or claws; or a paralyzing toxin that can immobilize their prey; others can spray a boiling acid from a stinger on their tails; or produce a horrible stench similar to dead rotting things pickled in sulfur; a precise internal clock
HABITAT: Historically, forest dwellers with a preference for caves and cliffs
DIET: The wild animals of the savanna, vegetables grown in the greenhouses, and confections made of sugar and honey
ANIMUS: None
Hivewings are descended from Beetlewings

Varying Abilities
Hivewings have a variety of different abilities varying from dragon to dragon, but many don't have any.
Wrist Stingers
Unknown if these contain venom, but still used to stab prey
Teeth Venom
Used against prey, kills over a certain amount of time
Paralyzing Toxin
This power is known as nerve poison and can be administered from either the claws or the tail stinger. A dragon can potentially be unparalyzed by a strong stimulant.
Boiling Acid
This is a rarer ability among hivewings; when used, the boiling acid is shot from their tails and produces a repugnant odor similar to dead rotting things pickled in sulfur.

Leafwing

CONTINENT: Pantala
SCALES: Green and/or brown, sometimes with hints of gold, pink, or red
EYES: Green or brown
UNUSUAL CHARACTERISTICS: Two wings shaped like leaves
ABILITIES: Can absorb energy from sunlight and are accomplished gardeners; some have unusual control over plants, a power known as leafspeak
HABITAT: This tribe thrives anywhere there are trees
DIET: Panthers, frogs, insects, wild pigs, capybaras, and anything else they can catch or gather in the jungle; can also gain the energy they need from sunlight
ANIMUS: None

Leafspeak
This is a power that is passed down by genetics and can be strengthened by selective breeding; two leafspeak dragons can produce a dragonet with even stronger leafspeak than their parents.
The extent of this power varies between Leafwings; this can include merely hearing the intentions of plants around you, to being able to speak to them, and being able to convince them to grow at an accelerated rate, grow in a certain way, or attack a specific target.

Beetlewing

Beetlewings were bred into extinction and evolved into the Hivewings and Silkwings after the arrival of Clearsight of the Nightwings. No Beetlewings exist throughout the main 15-book series.
CONTINENT: Pantala
SCALES: Bright colors; sometimes iridescent
EYES: Unknown
UNUSUAL CHARACTERISTICS: Beetlewing dragonets are born wingless, but develop four wings later on; rumored to have antennae
ABILITIES: Flamesilk (and presumably normal silk); rumored to shoot venom from their fangs
HABITAT: Primarily forests and potentially other climates
DIET: Unknown
ANIMUS: None

Credits

Background - Pyrrhia Reline and Coloring by MeOriginal Pyrrhia map by Mike SchleyTribe designs/ Additional Portraits by Joy AngGraphic Novels by Mike Holmes; Coloring by Maarta LaihoWings of Fire Books by Tui T. Sutherland (Obviously)

Thank you very much to the Wings of Fire Wiki for all the additional information and citations